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How to Use the Bibliography

Titles and Descriptions

Titles are listed alphabetically. The entries provide bibliographic information and suggestions for use. An example of a citation for text is:

Matters of Gender (Print-Anthology). Nemiroff, Greta Hofmann, ed. (The Senior Issues Collection). McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited (LRDC), 1996. 246p. Order no. 14180 ($15.75 pbk.).

(CAN) This is a challenging collection of prose and poetry relating to the experiences of both genders in our society. The book contains a table of contents.
Suggested Use: English Language Arts 20; Anticipation; Recollection; Multigenre

An example of a citation for a video is:

Beyond the Summary Lead (Video). (News Writing Series). Annenberg/CPB Project (MGR), 1995. 30 min. Dup. order no. V3168 ($45.00).

American journalists encourage novice writers to keep the basics of good writing in mind, and to add to their writing by exploring creative introductory styles including anecdotal, quote, question, narrative, and direct address leads. This video is useful for introducing or reinforcing the concept of truth and accuracy in gathering and writing the news.
Suggested Use: Journalism Studies 20

The abbreviation hdc. denotes hardcover edition; pbk. denotes paperback edition.

ISBN denotes the International Standard Book Number, usually the order number.

Dup. Is an abbreviation indicating that a video is available for duplication from Media Group.

(CAN) preceding the annotation indicates that the resource includes Canadian content.

(SK) denotes that the resource includes Saskatchewan content.

(I/M) indicates that the material has significant Aboriginal, Inuit, or Métis content.

Suggested Use provides suggestions for the area(s) of the curriculum and the courses that the resource best supports. For example, suggested uses include language resources. Unless otherwise indicated by the terms Teacher Reference or Teacher Reference/Professional Development, all materials are listed as student resources. Genres listed in this area include plays, poetry, short prose, and short stories. For the purposes of this bibliography, myths, legends, and folklore are listed as short stories. The bibliography also suggests the thematic use for which resources are useful. Most of the thematic suggested uses have been cross-referenced to specific selections in the Course Index of Titles and Selections.

Other Use informs educators about the bibliography or bibliographies in which the resource has previously been recommended. It is recognized that titles may be useful for several subjects, themes, or levels. Teachers are encouraged to choose materials most suitable to the course of study, and, when appropriate, to co-ordinate material selection at the school or school division level.

Distributor Directory

The abbreviations enclosed in parentheses following the publisher represent the distributor. The full names, addresses, fax, and phone numbers of these companies are given in this section. Please note that several distributors provide a toll free 1-800 phone number.

Other Useful Resources List

To facilitate implementation of the curriculum, the Course Index of Titles and Selections lists several older or out-of-print resources that may presently be found in school library resource centres or in classrooms. Titles of these resources are listed as "Older But Still Useful Resources" or "Currently Out of Print But Still Useful Resources."

The Community Resources List provides names and addresses of organizations that provide support to teachers of English Language Arts. This section includes a list of provincial groups, a source list of Elders, and suggestions for facilitating visits by Elders.

Media Index

Titles are listed alphabetically under each media designation. Print-Fiction includes novels, poems, and plays. Print-Non-Fiction includes full-length biographies, autobiographies, and informational works.

Index of Suggested Uses

Titles appear alphabetically under headings that include Teacher Reference, Teacher Reference/Professional Development, Language Resource, the names of each genre or sample unit, and the names of each course. The term Multigenre refers to anthologies containing both prose and poetry or plays. Short Prose anthologies may contain essays, articles, and, in some cases, short stories. Anthologies containing only short fiction are listed as Short Stories.

Terms Used in Annotations

This bibliography contains resources appropriate to a wide range of reading abilities. To aid teacher selection, annotations contain terms designed to alert teachers to each material's suitability. These terms identify the level of vocabulary and concepts, the style of presentation, controversial terminology and sensitive issues, and suggestions for the appropriate use of the resource.

Several factors influence students' ease of interaction with text: topic, concept density, interest, prior knowledge, and vocabulary. As well, text type and font, sentence structure and length, style, illustrations, and format are important considerations.

The majority of materials listed in this bibliography are suitable for use by most students at the stated grade level. They can be read by most students, but less proficient readers may require more teacher assistance.

Some annotations state that the resource is easily read. The vocabulary, syntax, and density of text of these materials are accessible to virtually all students at the stated grade level. Teachers are advised that although some books are designated as easily read, they may present concepts or deal with issues that require mature consideration.

The term challenging denotes materials suitable for only the most proficient readers at the stated grade level. The vocabulary, syntax, dialect, density of text, or unfamiliarity of concepts may challenge students' comprehension.

Dealing With Sensitive Topics

Several annotations contain cautions that are intended to alert teachers and teacher-librarians to potentially controversial vocabulary or issues within the selections. Annotations may also note stereotypical and derogatory phrases, graphic violence, or potentially offensive terms.

The term suitable for mature students denotes resources containing sensitive issues or controversial vocabulary. These books may be more appropriate for reading by students who are able to respond to controversial or sensitive content in a thoughtful manner.

Teachers suggesting these books for reading individually or in small groups should reference their school and school division selection policies. Teachers should be prepared to address the issues presented in a manner sensitive to the concerns and previous experiences of their students.

In making decisions regarding use of controversial material, teachers should be sensitive to the nature and needs of their students and community. Offering several alternative selections for study often prevents conflict.

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