The Strands
The Elementary Mathematics objectives, for reasons of clarity and emphasis, are divided into five strands. These strands are: problem solving, data management and analysis, numbers and operations, geometry, and measurement. Many research studies indicate that instruction in mathematics should regularly demonstrate its applicability to real life. Therefore, even though the student learning objectives are detailed in separate strands, they are intended to be taught in an integrated fashion.
Problem Solving
Mathematics should revolve around problems, questions, or concerns that students view as pertinent to their present world and that of the future. Problem solving is the avenue that generates excitement, challenge, and meaningfulness in mathematics. It i
s a vehicle for developing concepts. Many of the skills and strategies of problem solving should be individually explored and then applied to assist in solving a variety of problems.
Data Management and Analysis
The collection, display, and analysis of data is a process used to solve many problems. Graphs, charts, and lists relaying numbers and statistics are a part of our daily lives. At an early age, students should begin to learn the processes of data management. Many activities and instructional ideas to support this rationalization are suggested in this guide.
Numbers and Operations
In this strand the emphasis is on students developing "number sense". The curriculum advocates that this is best accomplished by students searching for and understanding the many patterns and relationships among numbers. Being able to use mental calculation and estimation strategies is paramount. Critical is the understanding of the concepts of whole and rational numbers, and when to apply basic operations. At the Elementary Level, more complex computational procedures can be reserved for th
e calculator.
Geometry
The development of geometric concepts and the cultivation of spatial awareness is best accomplished through the continuous integration of geometry in the curriculum. Students learn these concepts by actively manipulating, drawing, constructing, and creating geometric shapes and objects, and making connections to the real world. Geometry should be experiential and reflected in the student's environment as an exciting and applicable ingredient of mathematics.
Measurement
Emphasis is on the development of "measurement sense" when students are actively engaged in the processes of comparing, estimating, and measuring. Regular integration with other Required Areas of Study such as Science, Physical Education, and Social Studies readily makes this strand one in which applicability can be easily demonstrated.
