Module 11

Module 11: Intermediate Chemistry (Optional)

Suggested time: 4-5 hours Level: Intermediate

Module Overview

In this module students learn the basic principles of chemistry. After studying this module students will have knowledge on the chemical formation and how the hair may be altered when we use shampoos, conditioners, permanent waves, and hair colour on our hair.

Foundational Objectives

To develop comprehension of the effects of chemicals on hair.
To develop an understanding of products and the effects on hair, skin, and nails.
To understand and follow safety rules when working with chemicals.

Common Essential Learnings Foundational Objectives

To demonstrate safety when working with chemicals. (CCT)

To understand and use the vocabulary, structures, and forms of expression that apply to the beauty industry. (COM)

Learning Objectives	Notes
11.1 To discuss chemistry and its branches.	Discuss the importance of having a knowledge of the chemical make up of products used in the salon and of understanding the effects of the products on the hair and skin. Explain the two areas of Chemistry: organic and inorganic.
11.2 To define matter. (COM)	Define matter as being anything that occupies space. Matter may be found in solids, liquids, or gasses. Students will brainstorm examples of the three types of matter that exist in the classroom.
11.3 To develop an understanding of elements, compounds, and mixtures.	Matter may exist in the form of elements compounds, and mixtures. Define elements, mixtures, and compounds. (COM) Explain changes in matter that may occur physically or chemically. The hair may be physically altered after a perm is given. A chemical reaction may occur when adding a thermal additive to an exothermic waving lotion. Once the additive is added, the product warms up.
11.4 To review the pH scale from introductory learning objective 3.4A. (NUM)	Students write a pre-test to determine level of understanding. Explain areas of difficulty, as required by students.
11.5 To foster an awareness of the chemical composition of water, shampoos, conditioners, permanent waves, and hair colours. (COM)	Discuss the chemical make up of: water cleansing agent/surfactant other ingredients such as: moisturizers, oil, protein, and perfume, etc. Explain the surfactant molecule as having 2 parts: head (hydrophilic) water loving tail (lipophilic) oil loving Discuss chemical make-up of conditioners developed to correct hair problems. A surface conditioner closes down the cuticle and therefore is acid based. Other conditioners may be formulated to correct certain hair problems. Products formulated to correct hair problems may contain: protein/keratin and moisturizers. Permanent wave solutions contain ammonium thioglycolate. The action of ammonium trioglycolate breaks down the disulfide bonds in the hair cortex. This allows the hair to take on a new shape. The neutralizer is acid based. The active ingredient is hydrogen peroxide. The neutralizer hardens the curl into its new shape and closes the cuticle layer down. The active ingredients in permanent hair colour are hydrogen peroxide and colour. The action of the hydrogen peroxide is to open the cuticle layer so the colour molecule may penetrate and attach to the cortex layer of the hair.