Learning Objectives

6.1A To identify and describe the structures and functions of the skin. (COM)

Introduce this module by referring to the skin as being the largest organ of our body. Brainstorm why the skin is considered an organ. Responses should include that it has a number of important functions that include: protection, sensation, heat regulation, excretion, secretion, absorption. Discuss each of the functions.

Using a diagram to explain the divisions of the skin. Identify the layers within the epidermis and the dermis and discuss the purpose of each layer. Discuss subcutaneous tissue as being the fatty layer below the dermis. (COM)

6.2A To explain how the skin is nourished.

Refer to learning objective 1.5. Review what we do to live a healthy lifestyle. Ask students to determine how lifestyle may affect the skin. Responses should include: drink eight glasses of water per day, rest, exercise, proper diet, etc. Explain how the skin reflects the health of our inner body. Students will brainstorm any other factors that might preserve the health of the skin.

Using a diagram of the skin, point out the many veins and arteries. Discuss how the skin receives nourishment through blood and lymph supply.

6.3A To identify the nerves of the skin and explain the function of the nerves. (COM)

Identify the nerves of the skin. Explain the function of each of the nerves.

6.4A To define melanin. (COM)

Students will generate a list of different skin colours. Explain that skin colour will vary from person to person depending on the amount of colouring matter or pigment in the skin. The pigment is referred to "melanin".

6.5A To discuss the types of glands found in the skin and their functions.

Using a diagram of the skin, identify the oil and sweat glands. Ask students to explain the purpose of the glands.

6.6A To enable students to recognize disorders of the skin to determine if the condition may be treated in the beauty salon. (CCT)

Discuss the importance of recognizing untreatable skin disorders. Stress that a client MUST be referred to a doctor when there is evidence of certain skin conditions/diseases, or if there is uncertainty about the skin condition. Discuss the safety issue for your client as well as the possible spread of disease within the salon.

Define lesion. Discuss primary and secondary lesions. Give examples of each of the lesions, and if possible provide students with a visual of each of the lesions. Discuss treatment and when the client should be referred to a doctor.

6.7A To determine skin type.

Students should compile a list of the different skin types. Discuss how to recognize each skin type. Students work in pairs to analyze each other’s skin. Share with the class the skin type and discuss how the skin type was determined. (PSVS, CCT)

6.8A To discuss the purpose of massage.

Discuss the benefits of facial massage.

6.9A To demonstrate the manipulations used in massage. (CCT)

Demonstrate the massage movements.

Stress the importance of pressure and direction when giving massage to prevent sagging of the skin and muscles.

Discuss the different massage movements and the effect of each.

6.10A To explain the purpose of a facial. (COM)

Students will work in small groups to define a facial and explain the purpose of a facial. Groups share their ideas with the class. Responses should include: to cleanse the skin, increase circulation, correct treatable skin disorders, etc.

6.11A To demonstrate the use of equipment, implements, cosmetics and materials when giving a facial. (TL)

Make a list of the equipment, implements, cosmetics, and materials that are used during a facial. Students will copy the list for reference when practisng facials. Demonstrate the use of the equipment.

Demonstrate preparation of client. Review the procedure for giving a facial. Demonstrate the procedure for giving a facial. Stress proper direction when giving the manipulations. Review the proper usage of implements, cosmetics and materials. Review procedures for sanitation of equipment and implements. Explain safety while giving a facial. Determine criteria to evaluate a quality facial.

Have students practise giving a facial. Provide student feedback for facials. (IL)

6.12A To practise appropriate safety and sanitation procedures.

Students will create a list of safety rules when giving a facial. Identify the appropriate procedures to follow if an accident occurs. Post list of safety rules in the classroom as a reminder for students when they are practising facials.

Notes

6.13B To review introductory learning objectives 6.1A - 6.12A. (COM)

Ask students to create a list of their knowledge about skin care. Share with the class. Review any areas that were not discussed.

6.14B To develop an understanding of a lesion. (COM)

Define lesion.

Discuss the three types of lesions.

Define the primary and secondary lesions.

6.15B To recognize growths of the skin. (COM)

Students will explain what a skin growth is.

Discuss different growths of the skin.

6.16B To describe pigmentation of the skin. (COM)

Students will define skin pigment.

Discuss abnormal pigmentation in the skin.

6.17B To identify disorders of the oil and sweat glands. (COM)

Using a diagram of the skin, identify the sweat and oil glands.

Check to see that students recall the purpose of sweat and oil glands.

Explain the diseases of the sweat glands and oil glands.

6.18B To practise appropriate safety and sanitation procedures.

Refer to safety/sanitation Introductory Learning Objective 6.12A.

6.19B To demonstrate special facials.

If special equipment and materials are not available, the teacher may invite someone from the industry to do a demonstration for the class.

OR

The teacher may take the students on a field trip to view demonstration done in the work place. (TL)

6.20B To practise appropriate safety and sanitation procedures.

Refer to safety/sanitation Introductory Learning objective 6.12A.

Notes

6.21C To review introductory and intermediate learning objectives 6.1A - 6.13A, 6.13B - 6.18B. (COM)

Pre-test students to determine level of understanding. Review and explain areas further, as appropriate to student needs.

Students are to practise and develop refined skin care skills in this module building from previous knowledge acquired in the theory skin care modules at introductory and intermediate levels.