Foundational Objectives
Common Essential Learnings Foundational Objectives
| Learning Objectives | Notes |
| 20.1 To list the procedures for development of colour negative roll film. (COM) |
Remind students of the safety precautions to observe when working with the chemicals required to develop colour film. It is advised that rubber gloves, safety glasses and a waterproof apron be worn when handling chemicals. Be sure that adequate ventilation is provided. Refer to Module 5 in this curriculum for further details regarding developing film. The development of colour roll film requires more steps and attention to maintaining temperature and quality controls than the development of black and white film. It is also important to rinse the film with clear water between development steps to avoid contamination of processing chemicals. The C-41 process (or its equivalent from different manufacturers) is the most popular method of developing colour film negatives. The expense of the chemicals for this type of processing will require very careful work particularly in the developing stage of the film processing procedure. The shelf life of mixed processing materials is limited so it may be wise to process as many rolls as possible in one session in order to make the best use of the chemicals. Students should follow the manufacturer's steps and recommendations carefully. It is important to handle the film with clean dry hands or to wear cotton gloves to avoid contamination from the skin. Safety precautions for the selected chemicals should be read thoroughly. Careful storage of negatives will avoid damage and contamination. |
| 20.2 To evaluate negatives. (CCT, TL) |
Have the students review their negatives on a light table or light box to compare the results they obtained with a professionally developed set of negatives. They should look at the film base to see if there was any fogging during the development process. The colours that the negative exhibits (magenta, cyan and yellow or combinations of the three) are the foundation of the finished print. Have the students mix light together using coloured gels (stage lighting uses this type of equipment) to identify the colouration on the negatives and, based on their observations, decide what the final print colours might be. The purpose is to develop a skill to evaluate a negative before a print is made. Producing colour prints is expensive and savings can be realized, if poor negatives are discarded. |
Foundational Objectives
Common Essential Learnings Foundational Objectives
| Learning Objectives | Notes |
| 21.1 To know the characteristics of colour reversal film. (COM) |
Names for this type of film include: slide, positive, colour transparency and colour reversal. Generally, 35mm positives are called slides and positives from larger films are referred to as transparencies or chromes. Have the students discuss situations where slide production would be preferred to using a negative/print type of film. Because the film produces a positive as opposed to a negative it is important to expose for the lighter toned areas correctly (the opposite case is true for negative producing film when exposure is metered for shadow detail). This type of film produces images with better colour saturation than negative (print) films. It is important for students to remember that colour film has less exposure latitude than black and white film, therefore if bracketing is being used to insure a proper exposure, they need only bracket in half stops around the metered exposure for a particular subject. Have the students compare the slide results when exposure bracketing is used. The richness of the colours is the basis for their comparisons. Colour reversal film is often favored by printing firms and periodical publishers, as it facilitates the colour separation process used to produce magazine advertisements or art prints. Coloured images in printed material require a number of separate printings to produce a finished print. Slides make the separation of the colours easier than if negative/print film were used. The printing may be done with overlay printings of transparent inks in magenta, yellow, cyan, and black layers. |
| 21.2 To process a colour reversal film. (TL) |
The E-6 process is the most popular and easiest to use of the colour development reversal processes and is suitable for use in schools. Some manufacturer's films use a complicated developing process and are done only by manufacturer and other specialty labs. Developing colour reversal film is a demanding task if good results are expected. Attention to the film manufacturer's chemical mixing instructions and temperature control are required. Have the students load film as they have for other types of films observing the same precautions. Some of the chemicals used in the processing of colour slides have a short shelf life. The chemicals should not be mixed until the film is ready for processing. Most small batch processing kits will process about six rolls of film. Have the students prepare their own processing procedure chart to follow the directions for mixing and using the development chemicals. Follow the appropriate safety procedures. |
| 21.3 To mount the processed images to slide mounts. |
Mounts are available in two types. One style is cardstock and may require the application of heat with an iron to seal the slide and mount. Another type of mount that is quick and easy to use is plastic. It snaps together. Plastic mounts with glass shields to protect the slide are available, but expensive. This type of mount is used when slides are prepared for large presentations or when slides might be exposed to different types of contaminants. |
| 21.4 To prepare and present the slide series. (CCT, TL) |
Have the students demonstrate the use of a slide projector, slide carrier, and screen. Through careful selection of the slides for the presentation, this assignment could become a part of their presentation portfolio. If desired, the students might create a multimedia presentation using accompanying music and/or commentary. Students might prepare a presentation to be delivered in a digital format using presentation software (e.g., Power Point). |