Module 4: Wildlife . Our
Responsibility (Optional)
Suggested time: 3 . 5 hours
Level: Introductory
Prerequisite: None
Module Overview
Wildlife has a significant impact on all cultures and has
contributed to our literature, mythologies, spiritual nature and economic and
recreational activities. Our relationship to wildlife will be examined and the
significance of how our actions affect wildlife will be assessed.
Foundational Objectives
- To develop values that will increase an appreciation and
respect for wildlife.
- To understand the role and obligations of government
agencies, interest groups and individuals to preserve wildlife.
- To examine relationships between wildlife species and humans
and how populations are affected.
Common Essential Learnings Foundational
Objectives
- To enable students to think for themselves, to recognize the
limits of individual reflection and the need to contribute to and build upon
mutual understandings of conservation and management. (CCT)
- To support students in treating themselves, others and the
environment with respect. (PSVS)
|
Learning Objectives |
Notes |
| 4.1 To explain the social and
cultural significance of wildlife. (PSVS) |
Use magazines and Internet sources to develop a collage
that describes how wildlife contributes to our culture. Have students look
for examples that show uses related to: recreation, literature, mythology,
spirituality, aesthetics and medicines. Have students develop criteria of
excellence and then use peer and teacher evaluation.
There are several magazines for environmental educators.
Refer to the foreword of the bibliography for sample
titles. |
| 4,2 To explain the economic
significance of wildlife. |
Have resource people from the community, either through
interview or class visit, describe how wildlife has contributed to their
business or vocation. Game farming, guiding, forestry and ranching are
some areas affected by wildlife. |
| 4.3 To explain the environmental
significance of wildlife. |
Have students compare and contrast a natural area such as
a slough with a wheat field. A field trip would allow students to examine
diversity of life forms and look for signs of water, air and soil
quality.
Research how the canary was used as an environmental
barometer in coal mining and have students look for similar barometers in
other areas. |
| 4.4 To evaluate how individual
attitudes, actions and lifestyle may affect wildlife and the environment.
(CCT) |
Have students brainstorm the different attitudes people
have about the environment and then predict the actions and the lifestyles
that evolve from these attitudes.
Create characters that represent a stereotype of
lifestyles in our communities. Role play these characters at the coffee
shop discussing an issue related to wildlife that is of local interest.
For example, the issue might be a Ducks Unlimited project to benefit
waterfowl being put next to some of the best farmland in the
area. |
4.5 To describe how the
growth of human populations may affect wildlife through the destruction of
habitat
.
|
Examine the diversity of wildlife in
areas of high human population compared to low human population. Graph
species diversity versus human population. |
Module 5: Regulated
Hunting (Optional)
Suggested time: 10 . 15 hours
Level: Introductory
Prerequisites: Modules 1 and 2
Module Overview
Management and conservation are detailed with reference to a
Saskatchewan context. The importance of a well described management plan for
wildlife is examined and the need for regulations to carry out that management
plan detailed. Identification of wildlife in Saskatchewan will be stressed as
will the safe use of equipment. A St. John. s Ambulance (Standard First Aid)
course could be given here if this has not already been done in the Outdoor
Experiences module.
Foundational Objectives
- To demonstrate safety practices while engaged in outdoor
experiences.
- To understand the role and obligations of government
agencies, interest groups and individuals to preserve wildlife.
- To examine issues and opinions as to how wildlife should be
managed.
- To create an awareness of and respect for laws that regulate
human interaction with and exploitation of wildlife.
Common Essential Learnings Foundational
Objectives
- To enable students to understand and use the vocabulary,
structures and forms of expression necessary to interpret wildlife regulations
and their purpose. (COM)
- To support students in coming to a better understanding of
the personal, moral, social and cultural aspects of management and
conservation of wildlife. (PSVS)
- To develop an understanding that technology dealing with
wildlife management shapes and is shaped by society. (TL)
|
Learning Objectives
|
Notes
|
5.1 To describe the goals of game
management and agencies responsible for managing Saskatchewan. s game
animals
.
|
Research material can be obtained from many government
agencies and interest groups. Saskatchewan Environment and Resource
Management (SERM), the Saskatchewan Wildlife Federation and Nature
Saskatchewan have resources that would supplement this area.
Have students examine the mandate of the Wildlife Branch
of Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management. The website addresses
for these agencies are located in the foreword of the
bibliography. |
| 5.2 To identify components and
techniques of a game management system; including biological research,
inventory, habitat manipulation and managing wildlife populations.
(COM) |
Play a simulation that illustrates game
management.
Have the students do a wildlife inventory in the
schoolyard or at a nearby park. Use a variety of techniques such as the
line intersect or quadrant method of survey. |
| 5.3 To explain the role of
regulated hunting in game management and conservation. |
Research how hunting limits are established in
Saskatchewan. Conservation officers or the Wildlife Branch of Saskatchewan
Environment and Resource Management have information in this
area.
Saskatchewan Education video duplication service has
several videos on firearms. |
| 5.4 To discuss and describe the
hunting regulations and how they contribute to safety and game
management. |
Research how animal populations were affected by a lack of
regulations. Case studies on the bison, passenger pigeon or Plains Grizzly
could be done here.
Compare the hunting seasons in Saskatchewan to those in
neighbouring provinces and states.
Use the Saskatchewan Hunting Guide to identify the
regulations for hunting. Use brainstorming to develop cause and effect
relationships that relate safety and management to the regulations. Create
posters that illustrate these relationships. |
| 5.5 To
understand the responsibilities of the hunter in reporting conditions that
may endanger wildlife (e.g., pollution and its effect on wildlife, habitat
loss and abuse, threats to rare and endangered species, neglect of
wildlife laws). (PSVS)
|
Do role playing and examine dilemmas that relate to
ethical and legal decisions that students might make while hunting.
Dilemma cards could be created with several open ended possible
solutions. |
| 5.6 To identify ethical
considerations that provide a social standard for conduct when hunting
(e.g., pollution and its effect on wildlife, habitat loss and abuse,
threats to rare and endangered species, neglect of wildlife).
(PSVS) |
Students interview landowners and hunters to identify the
needs and expectations of each group. Have students role play satisfactory
and unsatisfactory landowner-hunter encounters. |
| 5.7 To identify and describe the
distinguishing characteristics and habits of Saskatchewan. s game and fur
bearing species; carnivores, upland game birds, waterfowl, ungulates and
fur bearing species. (COM) |
Field trips to zoos or natural history museums would help
identify game species.
Individual or small group research, accompanied by
drawings, can be used to identify game species and their
habitat.
Use resources to develop a list of game animals found in
Saskatchewan and their ranges.
Have students develop a mural that illustrates the range
and distribution of game species in Saskatchewan. This activity may be
used in conjunction with Module 2, Natural History of Saskatchewan
Wildlife.
Contact Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management
for information on trapping. Inquire about their fur program.
Upland game birds have population cycles that could be
researched. |
| 5.8 To distinguish between similar
game and non-game species (e.g., sage hen and sharptail grouse).
(CCT)
|
Take a field trip to a local slough with field guides and
identify waterfowl found there. Look for an area where both diving and
dabbling ducks may be found. |
| 5.9 To describe the
characteristics, use and care of hunting gear. |
Have a local hunter come in and
describe the use and basic care of equipment used when hunting.
(TL) |
Module 6: Fishing and
the Aquatic Environment (Optional)
Suggested time: 5 - 10 hours
Level: Introductory
Prerequisite: None
Module Overview
Management and conservation of aquatic environments and fish
stocks are detailed with reference to a Saskatchewan context.
Fishing is an
activity that brings people in contact with nature and supplies enjoyment for
many. Fish identification will be described with reference to habitat and the
use of basic equipment for sports fishing.
Foundational Objectives
- To demonstrate safety practices while engaged in outdoor
experiences.
- To examine issues and opinions as to how wildlife should be
managed.
- To develop skills that allow students to appreciate the
natural world through direct experience.
- To research the structure, diversity, behaviour and habitat
of Saskatchewan wildlife species.
- To create an awareness of and respect for laws that regulate
human interaction with and exploitation of wildlife.
Common Essential Learnings Foundational
Objectives
- To enable students to understand and use the vocabulary,
structures and forms of expression necessary to interpret wildlife regulations
and their purpose. (COM)
- To support student development of a better understanding of
the personal, moral, social and cultural aspects of management and
conservation of wildlife. (PSVS)
- To develop an understanding use of technology in wildlife
management as it shapes and is shaped by society. (TL)
|
Learning Objectives
|
Notes
|
| 6.1 To identify ethical
considerations that provide a social standard of conduct for game fishing
(e.g., fisher-landholder relations, regard for others, respect for self,
respect for wildlife, catch and release fishing, respect for laws).
(PSVS) |
Use the Saskatchewan Angler's Guide and information
from Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management website (see the
bibliography) to create a vision statement of the department. Compare this
to the actual vision statement that Saskatchewan Environment and Resource
Management has in its fishery department.
Have guest speakers from fisheries or a conservation
officer talk to the class about the purpose of laws and regulations
related to fishing. |
| 6.2 To describe fishing
regulations and associated legislation that provide a legal standard of
conduct for game fishing.
|
Have students compare and contrast commercial, sport and
trophy fishing. Arrange a debate.
Interview people in the community that fish. Ask them
where they fish and whether they feel fish stocks have changed over the
years. |
| 6.3 Describe common ways of
classifying fish. (COM) |
Visit a fish hatchery and have students examine the role
of fish stocking in sports fishing.
Have students develop ethical dilemmas related to fishing
and discuss possible courses of action. |
| 6.4 To describe water
characteristics that influence the distribution and abundance of
fish. |
Collect water samples from various locations and test for
turbidity and oxygen levels. Activities from the Grade 10 Science
Curriculum could be used here. |
| 6.5 To identify and describe the
distinguishing characteristics of major game fish species in Saskatchewan.
(PSVS) |
Develop posters or collages that illustrate game fish that
are found in Saskatchewan.
Have students cut out photographs of game fish to use as
flash cards to help identify major game species.
Integrate this unit with Regulating Hunting.
Have students classify fish by species, feeding habits and
preference for water temperature
Have students do individual or group
research to develop fact sheets and drawings that give the main
distinguishing features of major fish species. Relate physical features,
habitat, spawning habitats and angling techniques to the fish studied. The
habitat characteristics could include water temperature, dissolved oxygen
needs, water depth and response to acid/alkaline conditions.
(NUM) |
| 6.6 To understand safe practices
for fishing and engaging in related outdoor activities. (PSVS) |
Develop posters that illustrate safe practices.
Role play unsafe angling practice, without hooks or other
possible sources of injury. |
| 6.7 To know the characteristics,
use and care of common fishing equipment. (TL) |
Integrate this with Outdoor Experiences by taking the
students on a field trip to the "old fishing hole". Demonstrate use of
equipment and techniques that are used for sports fishing. Adhere to
licensing and catch regulations. |
| 6.8 To know the nature and purpose
of different angling techniques. |
Invite guest speakers who have an interest in fly fishing
or other specialized angling into the classroom. |
| 6.9 To demonstrate techniques for
the care of table fish and trophy fish. |
Visit a taxidermist or have one visit the class.
|
| 6.10 To demonstrate techniques for
handling and cooking table fish. (TL) |
Integrate this with the Food Studies course. Demonstrate
and have students model filleting, scaling, cleaning and cooking of
fish. |
| 6.11 To know emergency first aid
and survival techniques, and items to be included in first aid and
survival kits. (CCT)
|
Include discussion of what to do for fishing-specific
injuries such as fish hook injuries, hypothermia and others.
Suggest students take a first aid course in the
community. |
Module 7: Wildlife . An
Aboriginal Perspective (Core)
Suggested time: 5 . 10
hours
Level: Introductory
Prerequisite: None
Module Overview
Wildlife was, and continues to be, a crucial component of the
life of aboriginal people in North America. Historical perspectives will be
examined as will the philosophical viewpoints of wildlife utilization. Treaty
rights as they are applied to wildlife management will be described and
examined.
Foundational Objectives
- To examine relationships between wildlife species and humans
and how populations are affected.
- To cultivate an appreciation and understanding of how other
cultures view wildlife.
Common Essential Learnings Foundational
Objectives
- To promote both intuitive, imaginative thought and the
ability to evaluate ideas, processes, experiences and objects in meaningful
contexts. (CCT)
- To support students in coming to a better understanding of
the personal, moral, social and cultural aspects of management and
conservation of wildlife. (PSVS)
- To develop a lifelong conservation ethic. (IL)
|
Learning Objectives
|
Notes
|
| 7.1 To examine how aboriginal
people have interacted with wildlife from a historical perspective.
|
Invite an elder in to describe traditional wildlife usage.
(PSVS)
For information on protocol and guidelines for inviting
aboriginal elders into the classroom, see the bibliography.
Research the historical uses of wildlife by the different
aboriginal peoples of Saskatchewan. |
| 7.2 To understand the treaties
between the First Nations and Government of Canada as they relate to
rights to wildlife utilization and Métis rights as defined by
courts. |
Examine relevant clauses in treaties that deal with
wildlife usage. (CCT)
Develop posters that illustrate the rights First Nation's
people have to wildlife resource usage.
Use the media to examine issues related to aboriginal
utilization of rights (e.g., lobster fishing in the
Maritimes). |
| 7.3 To investigate the aboriginal
philosophy of wildlife usage. (IL)
|
Research the medicinal and spiritual uses of wildlife by
aboriginal peoples. Recognize the spiritual importance of wildlife to each
aboriginal culture in Saskatchewan.
Compare and contrast the views that aboriginal cultures
have toward wildlife. |